Quantum Cryptography: A New Approach in Cryptographic World

Abstract

Abstract

By applying the phenomena of quantum physics, this technology works. In quantum cryptography two parties can communicate via secure channel. When Stephen Wiesner wrote “Conjugate Coding” Quantum Cryptography was born in early seventies. Two components of quantum cryptography work under the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the principle of photon polarization. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that “it is impossible to determine simultaneously and accurately the position and momentum of subatomic particle like electron in an atom.” In quantum mechanical era photon polarization is description of the classical polarized sinusoidal plan electromagnetic wave. This paper summarizes quantum cryptographic technology and future direction in which it forwards.